Elasticsearch提供了基于JSON的DSL（ Domain Specific Language）来定义查询。常见的查询类型包括：

• 查询所有：查询出所有数据，一般测试用。例如：match_all

• 全文检索（full text）查询：利用分词器对用户输入内容分词，然后去倒排索引库中匹配。例如：

  • match_query
  • multi_match_query

• 精确查询：根据精确词条值查找数据，一般是查找keyword、数值、日期、boolean等类型字段。例如：

  • ids
  • range
  • term

• 地理（geo）查询：根据经纬度查询。例如：

  • geo_distance
  • geo_bounding_box

• 复合（compound）查询：复合查询可以将上述各种查询条件组合起来，合并查询条件。例如：

  • bool
  • function_score

本文根据张虎翼老师的SpringCloud中ES的案例进行举例
查询索引库中文档的语句如下

查询所有

GET /hotel/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

全文查询

match

GET /hotel/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": "如家"
    }
  }
}

multi_match

GET /hotel/_search
{
  "query": {
    "multi_match": {
      "query": "外滩如家",
      "fields": ["brand","name","business"]
    }
  }
}

精确查询

term查询

GET /hotel/_search
{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "city.keyword": {
        "value": "北京"
      }
    }
  }
}

range范围查询

gte 大于等于 lte 小于等于

GET /hotel/_search
{
  "query": {
    "range": {
      "price": {
        "gte": 100,
        "lte": 500
      }
    }
  }
}

distance查询

GET /hotel/_search
{
  "query": {
    "geo_distance": {
      "distance": "2km",
      "location": "31.21, 121.5"
    }
  }
}

复合查询之一

function score query查询排序

GET /hotel/_search
{
  "query": {
    "function_score": {
      "query": {
        "match": {
          "all": "外滩"
        }
      },
      "functions": [
        {
         "filter": {
           "term": {
             "brand": "如家"
           }
         },
        "weight": 10
        }
      ],
      "boost_mode": "sum"
    }
  }
}

复合查询之二

Boolean query查询

must should 参与打分

must_not filter 不参与打分

Get /hotel/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "name": "如家"
          }
        }
      ],
      "must_not": [
        {
          "range": {
            "price": {
              "gt": 400
            }
          }
        }
      ],
      "filter": {
        "geo_distance": {
          "distance": "10km",
          "location": {
            "lat": 31.24,
            "lon": 121.5
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

按照经纬度排序

找到"39.76875, 116.339199"附近的酒店

GET /hotel2/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  },
  "sort": [
    {
      "_geo_distance": {
        "location": {
          "lat": 39.76,
          "lon": 116.34
        },
        "order": "asc",
        "unit": "km"
      }
    }
  ]
}

分页

GET /hotel2/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  },
  "sort": [
    {
      "price": {
        "order": "asc"
      }
    }
  ],
  "from": 0,
  "size": 5
}

高亮

GET /hotel2/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "all": "如家"
    }
  },
  "highlight": {
    "fields": {
      "name": {
        "require_field_match": "false"
      }
    }
  }
}

总体概览

GET /hotel2/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "all": "如家"
    }
  },
  "from": 0,
  "size": 10,
  "sort": [
    {
      "price": {
        "order": "asc"
      },
      "_geo_distance": {
        "location": {
          "lat": 40.04,
          "lon": 116.33
        },
        "order": "asc",
        "unit": "km"
      }
    }
  ], 
  "highlight": {
    "fields": {
      "name": {
        "require_field_match": "false"
      }
    }
  }
}